Website: www.ece.ucsb.edu (will open in a new browser window)

Chair: Hua Lee
Vice Chair: Stephen I. Long

Faculty

Daniel J. Blumenthal, Ph.D., University of Colorado at Boulder, Professor (fiber-optic networks, wavelength and subcarrier division multiplexing, photonic packet switching, signal processing in semiconductor optical devices, wavelength conversion, microwave photonics)

John E. Bowers, Ph.D., Stanford University, Professor, (high-speed photonic and electronic devices and integrated circuits, fiber optic communication, semiconductors, laser physics and mode-locking phenomena, compound semiconductor materials and processing)

Forrest D. Brewer, Ph.D., University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Associate Professor (VLSI and computer system design automation, theory of design and design representations, symbolic techniques in high level synthesis)

Steven E. Butner, Ph.D., Stanford University, Professor (computer architecture, VLSI design of CMOS and gallium-arsenide ICs with emphasis on distributed organizations and fault-tolerant structures)

Shivkumar Chandrasekaran, Ph.D., Yale University, Associate Professor (numerical analysis, numerical linear algebra, scientific computation)

Edward Chang, Ph.D., Stanford University, Assistant Professor (multimedia systems, database systems, and distributed systems)

Kwang-Ting (Tim) Cheng, Ph.D., UC Berkeley, Professor (design automation, VLSI testing, design synthesis, design verification, algorithms)

§ Larry A. Coldren, Ph.D., Stanford University, Kavli Professor in Optoelectronics and Sensors, Director of Optoelectronics Technology Center (semiconductor integrated optoelectronics, vertical-cavity lasers, widely-tunable lasers, optical fiber communication, growth and planar processing techniques)

Nadir Dagli, Ph.D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Professor (design, fabrication, and modeling of photonic integrated circuits, ultrafast electrooptic modulators, solid state microwave and millimeter wave devices; experimental study of ballistic transport in quantum confined structures)

§ Steven P. DenBaars, Ph.D., University of Southern California, Professor (metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy, optoelectronic materials, compound semiconductors, indium phosphide and gallium nitride, photonic devices)

§ Arthur C. Gossard, Ph.D., UC Berkeley, Professor (epitaxial crystal growth, artificially structured materials, semiconductor structures for optical and electronic devices, quantum confinement structures)

Joao Hespanha, Ph.D., Yale University, Associate Professor (hybrid and switched systems, supervisory control, control of computer networks, probabilistic games, the use of vision in feedback control)

§ Evelyn Hu, Ph.D., Columbia University, Professor, Scientific Co-Director of California NanoSystems Institute, Director of Institute for Quantum Engineering, Science and Technology (high-resolution fabrication techniques for semiconductor device structures, process-related materials damage, contact/interface studies, superconductivity)

Ronald Iltis, Ph.D., UC San Diego, Professor (digital spread spectrum communications, spectral estimation and adaptive filtering)

Atac Imamoglu, Ph.D., Stanford University, Professor (quantum optics, lasers without population inversion, quantum coherence in semiconductors, stochastic wave-function methods)

Petar V. Kokotovic, Ph.D., USSR Academy of Sciences, Professor, Director of Center for Control Engineering and Computation, Director of Center for Robust Nonlinear Control of Aeroengines (sensitivity analysis, singular perturbations, large-scale systems, non-linear systems, adaptive control, automotive and jet engine control)

§ Herbert Kroemer, Dr. rer. nat., University of Göttingen, Donald W. Whittier Professor in Electrical Engineering, 2000 Physics Nobel Laureate (general solid-state and device physics, heterostructures, molecular beam epitaxy, compound semiconductor materials and devices, superconductivity)

Hua Lee, Ph.D., UC Santa Barbara, Professor (image system optimization, high-performance image formation algorithms, synthetic-aperture radar and sonar systems, acoustic microscopy, microwave nondestructive evaluation, dynamic vision systems)

Stephen I. Long, Ph.D., Cornell University, Professor (semiconductor devices and integrated circuits for high speed digital and RF analog applications)

Upamanyu Madhow, Ph.D., University of Illinois, Associate Professor (spread-spectrum and multiple-access communications, space-time coding, and internet protocols)

B.S. Manjunath, Ph.D., University of Southern California, Professor (image processing, computer vision, pattern recognition, neural networks, learning algorithms, content based search in multimedia databases)

Malgorzata Marek-Sadowska, Ph.D., Technical University of Warsaw, Poland, Professor (design automation, computer-aided design, integrated circuit layout, logic synthesis)

P. Michael Melliar-Smith, Ph.D., University of Cambridge, Professor (fault tolerance, formal specification and verification, distributed systems, communication networks and protocols, asynchronous systems)

Umesh Mishra, Ph.D., Cornell University, Professor (high-speed transistors, semiconductor device physics, quantum electronics, wide band gap materials and devices, design and fabrication of millimeter-wave devices, in-situ processing and integration techniques)

Sanjit K. Mitra, Ph.D., UC Berkeley, Professor (digital signal and image processing, computer-aided design and optimization)

Louise E. Moser, Ph.D., University of Wisconsin, Professor (distributed systems, computer networks, software engineering, fault-tolerance, formal specification and verification, performance evaluation)

Behrooz Parhami, Ph.D., UC Los Angeles, Professor (parallel architectures and algorithms, computer arithmetic, computer design, dependable and fault-tolerant computing)

§ Pierre M. Petroff, Ph.D., UC Berkeley, Professor (self assembling nanostructures in semiconductors and ferromagnetic materials, spectroscopy of nanostructures, nanostructure devices, semiconductor device reliability)

Ian B. Rhodes, Ph.D., Stanford University, Professor (mathematical system theory and its applications with emphasis on stochastic control, communication, and optimization problems, especially those involving decentralized information structures or parallel computational structures)

Mark J.W. Rodwell, Ph.D., Stanford University, Professor, Director of Compound Semiconductor Research Laboratories, Director of National Nanofabrication Users Network (heterojunction bipolar transistors, high frequency integrated circuit design, electronics beyond 100 GHz)

Kenneth Rose, Ph.D., California Institute of Technology, Professor, Co-Director of Center for Information Processing Research (information theory, source and channel coding, image coding, communications, pattern recognition)

John J. Shynk, Ph.D., Stanford University, Professor (adaptive filtering, array processing, wireless communications, blind equalization, neural networks)

Roy Smith, Ph.D., California Institute of Technology, Associate Professor (robust control with an emphasis on the modeling, identification, and control of uncertain systems, applications and experimental work including process control, flexible structures, automotive systems, semiconductor manufacturing, levitated magnetic bearings and dynamic aeromaneuvering of interplanetary spacecraft)

Andrew Teel, Ph.D., UC Berkeley, Professor (control design and analysis for nonlinear dynamical systems, input-output methods, actuator nonlinearities, applications to aerospace problems)

Li C. Wang, Ph.D., University of Texas, Austin, Assistant Professor (design verification, testing, computer-aided design of microprocessors)

Pochi Yeh, Ph.D., California Institute of Technology, Professor (phase conjugation, nonlinear optics, dynamic holography, optical computing, optical interconnection, neural networks, and image processing)

Robert York, Ph.D., Cornell University, Professor (high-power/high-frequency devices and circuits, quasi-optics, antennas, electromagnetic theory, nonlinear circuits and dynamics, microwave photonics)

Emeriti Faculty

Jorge R. Fontana, Ph.D., Stanford University, Professor Emeritus (quantum electronics, particularly lasers, interaction with charged particles)

Allen Gersho, Ph.D., Cornell University, Professor, Director of Center for Information Processing Research (speech, audio, image, and video compression, quantization and signal compression techniques, and speech processing)

Glenn R. Heidbreder, D. Eng., Yale University, Professor Emeritus (communication theory, signal processing in radar and digital communication systems; digital image processing)

Steven M. Horvath, Ph.D., Harvard University, Professor Emeritus (biomedical engineering, environmental stress physiology)

George L. Matthaei, Ph.D., Stanford University, Professor Emeritus (circuit design techniques for passive and active microwave, millimeter-wave and optical integrated circuits, circuit problems of high-speed digital integrated circuits)

§ James L. Merz, Ph.D., Harvard University, Professor Emeritus (optical properties of semiconductors, including guided-wave and integrated optical devices, semiconductor lasers, optoelectronic devices, native defects in semiconductors, low-dimensional quantum structures)

Venkatesh Narayanamurti, Ph.D., Cornell University, Professor Emeritus (transport, semiconductor heterostructures, nanostructures, scanning tunneling microscopy and ballistic electron emission microscopy, phonon physics)

Philip F. Ordung, D. Eng., Yale University, Professor Emeritus (general device physics, solar cells, charge-coupled devices)

John G. Skalnik, D. Eng., Yale University, Professor Emeritus (solar cells, general device technology, effects of non-ideal structures)

Glen Wade, Ph.D., Stanford University, Professor Emeritus (optical, microwave, and acoustical systems theory and experiments, with emphasis on acoustic imaging; computer processing; enhancement of images; computer image reconstruction)

§§ Roger C. Wood, Ph.D., UC Los Angeles, Professor Emeritus (computer system modeling, design, and analysis, computer architecture, and instructional use of computers)

Affiliated Faculty

Eric McFarland, Ph.D., M.D. (Chemical Engineering)

Shuji Nakamura, Ph.D. (Materials)

Bradley E. Paden, Ph.D. (Mechanical and Environmental Engineering)

The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering offers programs leading to the degrees of bachelor of science in electrical engineering or bachelor of science in computer engineering. The undergraduate curriculum in electrical engineering is designed to provide students with a solid background in mathematics, physical sciences, and traditional electrical engineering topics: electronic devices and fabrication, electronic circuits and systems, computer hardware and software, electromagnetics and optics, communications, signal processing, and control systems. A wide range of program options, including computer engineering; microwaves; communications, control, and signal processing; and solid state is offered. The department's electrical engineering undergraduate program is accredited by the Engineering Accreditation Commission of the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology, and it is one of the degrees recognized in all fifty states as leading to eligibility for registration as a professional engineer.

Graduate studies leading to the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in electrical and computer engineering are offered in three major areas of specialization: computer engineering; communications, control, and signal processing; and electronics and photonics.

In addition, the department offers certificate programs for those with a B.S. degree or higher who wish to advance their knowledge in a specific area or to undertake a new area. Approved programs are in the following areas: circuits and signal processing; control and communication systems; computer engineering; and electronics and photonics.

The undergraduate major in electrical engineering prepares students for a wide range of positions in business, government, and private industrial research, development, and manufacturing organizations. The graduate programs offer educational opportunities at an advanced level, leading at the M.S. level to increased career opportunities in the foregoing positions, and at the Ph.D. level to careers in research and teaching and positions of professional leadership.

Students who complete a major in electrical engineering may be eligible to pursue a California teaching credential. Interested students should consult the credential advisor in the Graduate School of Education.

Counseling is provided to undergraduates by the assistant to the dean for undergraduate studies in the College of Engineering. Students who plan to change to a major in the department should consult the assistant to the dean. Departmental faculty advisors are assigned to students to assist them in choosing senior elective courses.

Counseling is provided to graduate students through the ECE graduate advisor. Individual faculty members are also available for help in academic planning.

Mission Statement

The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering seeks to provide a comprehensive, rigorous and accredited educational program for the graduates of California's high schools and for postgraduate students, both domestic and international. The department has a dual mission:

• Education. We will develop and produce excellent electrical and computer engineers who will support the high-tech economy of California and the nation. This mission requires that we offer a balanced and timely education that includes not only strength in the fundamental principles but also experience with the practical skills that are needed to contribute to the complex technological infrastructure of our society. This approach will enable each of our graduates to continue learning throughout an extended career.

• Research: We will develop relevant and innovative science and technology through our research that addresses the needs of industry, government and the scientific community. This technology can be transferred through our graduates, through industrial affiliations, and through publications and presentations.

The ECE department emphasizes teaching and research in the areas of electronic and photonic materials, devices and circuits, computer engineering, VLSI design and testing, controls, communications, and signal processing. We provide a faculty that is committed to education and research, is accessible to students, and is highly qualified in their areas of expertise.

Educational Objectives for the Undergraduate Program

1. We expect our graduates to have acquired the ability to be flexible and adaptable, showing that their educational background has given them the foundation needed to remain effective, take on new responsibilities and assume leadership roles.

2. We expect our graduates to become contributing engineering professionals.

3. We expect some of our graduates to pursue their formal education further, including graduate study for master's and doctoral degrees.

Program Outcomes

The ECE program expects our students upon graduation to have:

1. Acquired strong basic knowledge and skills in those fundamental areas of mathematics, science, and electrical engineering that are required to support specialized professional training at the advanced level and to provide necessary breadth to the student's overall program of studies. This provides the basis for lifelong learning.

2. Experienced in-depth training in state-of-the-art specialty areas in electrical engineering. This is implemented through our senior electives. Students are required to take two sequences of at least two courses each at the senior level.

3. Benefited from imaginative and highly supportive laboratory experiences where appropriate throughout the program. The laboratory experience will be closely integrated with coursework and will make use of up-to-date instrumentation and computing facilities. Students should experience both hardware-oriented and simulation-oriented exercises.

4. Experienced design-oriented challenges that exercise and integrate skills and knowledge acquired in several courses. These may include design of components or subsystems with performance specifications. Graduates should be able to demonstrate an ability to design and conduct experiments as well as analyze the results.

5. Learned to function well in teams. Also, students must develop communication skills, written and oral, both through team and classroom experiences. Skills including written reports, web page preparation, and public presentations are required.

6. Completed a well-rounded and balanced education through required studies in selected areas of fine arts, humanities, and social sciences. This provides for the ability to understand the impact of engineering solutions in a global and societal context. A course in engineering ethics is also required of all undergraduates.

Laboratory Facilities

In addition to formal classroom lectures and studies, the department places strong emphasis on the inclusion of laboratory and computational experience in a student's program of study. To support this experience, the department and the campus maintain an extensive complement of relevant laboratory and computational facilities. Instructional laboratory facilities are available to support undergraduate courses in circuits, electronics, digital systems, communications, control, signal and image processing, microwaves, and solid-state device fabrication. Students may access microcomputers and workstations in the Microcomputer Laboratory or the College of Engineering ECI and CAD Laboratories.

The Department also maintains modern well-equipped facilities for research in communications, control, signal processing, image processing, scientific computation, VLSI design and testing, computer architecture, fault-tolerant computing, microwaves, optoelectronics, and solid state microelectronics. All research laboratories include or have access to modern computer facilities. Workstations in the various research laboratories have access via a local area network to a wide range of computing resources. The solid state research facilities include laboratories for crystal growth by molecular beam epitaxy and metal-organic CVD, microfabrication and processing, analog and digital integrated circuit design, and compound-semiconductor optoelectronic device and materials research.

Honors

Eta Kappa Nu. Eta Kappa Nu is the national electrical engineering honor society. Students in their junior year of study in electrical engineering who rank in the upper quarter of their class and senior year students who rank in the upper third of their class are invited into membership of the Epsilon Tau (UCSB) chapter of Eta Kappa Nu. Graduate students and faculty also belong to this honor society. In addition to regular meetings on campus, the organization participates in regional and national society activities and sponsors local projects to serve the campus and the community. Further information on Eta Kappa Nu is available at the department office.

Computer Engineering Major

This major is offered jointly by the Department of Computer Science and the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering. For information about this major, refer to the section on Computer Engineering. 

Undergraduate Program 

Bachelor of Science--Electrical Engineering

Courses required for the pre-major or major, inside or outside of the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, cannot be taken for the passed/not passed grading option. They must be taken for letter grades.

Preparation for the major

All undergraduate majors in the department are required to meet a set of minimum unit and grade-point requirements and a set of General Education requirements which are common to all undergraduate majors in the College of Engineering. In addition, required preparation for the major consists of the following lower-division courses (or their equivalents if taken elsewhere): Engineering 3 and 5A-B-C, Writing 2E and 50E; Electrical and Computer Engineering 2A-B-C and 15A-B; Chemistry 1A-B and 1AL-BL; Mathematics 3A-B-C and 5A-B-C; Physics 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 3L, 4L, 5L; and Computer Science 12 and 40. Qualified students may substitute Physics 21-25 for Physics 1-5 after obtaining permission from the Physics Department.

The assistant to the dean can suggest a recommended study plan for electrical engineering freshmen and sophomores. Each junior is assigned a departmental faculty advisor who must be consulted in planning the junior and senior year programs.

Upper-division major

The upper-division requirements consist of a set of required courses and a minimum of 32 units of additional departmental elective courses selected from a wide variety of specialized courses. All departmental elective programs must contain at least two sequences, each consisting of two or more related courses. Required upper-division courses for the major are: Electrical and Computer Engineering 130A-B, 132, 134, 137A-B, 139, 152A; and Engineering 101.

The required 32 units of departmental electives are taken primarily in the senior year, and they permit students to develop depth in specialty areas of their choice. A student's elective course program must be approved by a departmental faculty advisor. The advisor will check the program to ensure satisfaction of the departmental requirements of depth, breadth, engineering science, and engineering design. A wide variety of elective programs will be considered acceptable. Sample programs include those with emphasis in solid state, in high frequency electronics and communications, in communications, controls, and signal processing, and in computer engineering.

Two matters should be noted: (1) students who fail to attain a grade-point average of at least 2.0 in the major may be denied the privilege of continuing in the major, (2) a large majority of electrical and computer engineering courses have prerequisites which must be completed successfully. Successful completion of prerequisite courses means receiving a grade of C- or better in prerequisite courses except for Mathematics 3A-B-C and Mathematics 5A and 5B which require a grade of C or better to apply these courses as prerequisites.

Five-Year Bachelor of Science/Master of Science Program

A combined B.S./M.S. program in Electrical Engineering provides an opportunity for outstanding undergraduates to earn both degrees in five years. Additional information about this program is available from the undergraduate office. Interested students should contact the undergraduate office early in the junior year, because they need to plan their junior year classes differently from other undergraduates. Transfer students should notify the office of their interest in the program at the earliest opportunity. In addition to fulfilling undergraduate degree requirements, B.S./M.S. degree candidates must meet Graduate Division degree requirements, including university requirements for academic residence and units of coursework as described in the section, "Graduate Education at UCSB."  

Graduate Program

In addition to departmental requirements, program applicants and candidates for graduate degrees must fulfill University requirements described in the section "Graduate Education at UCSB."

Admission

The department offers graduate programs at the M.S. and Ph.D. levels in electrical and computer engineering. In addition, the department offers a certificate program in electrical and computer engineering for practicing engineers who do not wish to enroll in a full degree program. The graduate programs are open to those who have a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering, computer engineering, computer science, other areas of engineering, or in mathematics, physics, or other related fields of science. Applicants with degrees in fields other than electrical and computer engineering or computer science may be required to complete undergraduate prerequisite courses. Fundamental subject areas required include mathematics through differential equations and advanced calculus, a full year of college-level physics, and introductory computer programming.

All applicants for admission to graduate status are required to present evidence of a high level of technical skill, scholarship, and aptitude for electrical and computer engineering. This evidence normally is provided through a combination of undergraduate transcripts, scores on the verbal, quantitative, and analytical sections (required) and advanced portion (optional) of the Graduate Record Examination, letters of recommendation, and accounts of professional goals and experience. Applicants whose native language is not English are required to take the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL). Exceptions to this requirement will be considered for those students who have completed an undergraduate or graduate education at an institution whose primary language of instruction is English. The minimum score for consideration is 550 when taking the paper-based test and 213 when taking the computer-based test.

The department emphasizes graduate education at the highest level and intends that most of its graduate students will be enrolled in the Ph.D. program. Admission to the Ph.D. program is open to applicants who hold a master's degree or its equivalent in either electrical and computer engineering or computer science or related fields and who demonstrate unusual ability and promise for professional success. It is also open to applicants of exceptional promise directly on completion of a baccalaureate degree program. Applicants with only a baccalaureate degree who intend to seek the Ph.D. degree should apply for simultaneous admission to the M.S and Ph.D. programs. It should be noted, however, that continuation in the Ph.D. program is dependent upon proof of competency to pursue research at the Ph.D. level and upon obtaining a research supervisor.

Master of Science--Electrical and Computer Engineering

Degree Requirements

Graduate studies toward the M.S. degree are administered under either Plan 1, which requires coursework and a thesis, or Plan 2, which requires coursework and a comprehensive examination. Under either plan, students are required to complete at least 42 units of credit approved by the faculty advisor and the departmental graduate advisor. Under either plan, M.S. degree students must select a program of courses forming a coherent pattern directed toward an educational objective, including both depth in a particular area of specialization and breadth through other course offerings. M.S. students must plan their program of study around one of the three graduate emphases: computer engineering; communications, control, and signal processing; and electronics and photonics.

Plan 1 (thesis option). Students in this plan are required to (1) complete 42 units approved by the department, including no fewer than 20 units of graduate coursework numbered 200-299, 594, or 596 (of which no more than 8 units can be in 596 or 293 coursework) and no more than 12 units of upper-division elective coursework at the undergraduate level, and (2) submit an acceptable thesis based on research carried out by taking up to 8 units of 598. Further details are available from the ECE Graduate Office or graduate advisor.

Plan 2 (examination option). Students in this plan are required to (1) complete 42 units approved by the department, including no fewer than 24 units of graduate coursework numbered 200-299, 594, or 596 (of which no more than 8 units can be in 596 or 293 coursework) and no more than 16 units of upper-division elective coursework at the undergraduate level, and (2) pass a comprehensive examination. Further details are available from the ECE Graduate Office or graduate advisor.

Doctor of Philosophy -- Electrical and Computer Engineering

Degree Requirements

Immediately upon admission to studies toward the Ph.D. degree, students are required to develop a formal study plan which includes both (1) an appropriate level of coursework and special studies to provide depth of knowledge in a specialty area, and (2) additional coursework in two technical areas that are distinct from the specialty area. The study plan must be approved by the faculty advisor and the department graduate advisor and may be modified during the course of the student's program. There is no rigid requirement concerning the total number of units of graduate work that must be taken, but doctoral students are expected to take all available courses in their area of interest that the faculty deem relevant to their programs. In addition, they are expected to take other courses for breadth. There is no foreign language requirement in the program.

All students in the Ph.D. program are required to pass the departmental screening examination. When the examination is passed, the student selects a Ph.D. committee. This committee administers an oral qualifying examination at such time as it deems the student to be adequately prepared and the university residence requirements have been satisfied. After the oral examination has been passed, the student is eligible for advancement to candidacy for the Ph.D. degree.

Students must prepare a dissertation based on original research in a subject area approved by the Ph.D. committee. The dissertation must be defended in an open oral dissertation defense examination.

Optional Graduate Degree Emphasis in Computational Science and Engineering

The Departments of Chemical Engineering, Computer Science, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Mathematics, and Mechanical and Environmental Engineering offer an interdisciplinary master's and Ph.D. degree emphasis in computational science and engineering (CSE).

CSE is a rapidly growing multidisciplinary area with connections to the sciences, engineering, mathematics, and computer science. Computer models and simulations have become an important part of the research repertoire, supplementing (and in some cases replacing) experimentation. Going from application area to computational results requires domain expertise, mathematical modeling, numerical analysis, algorithm development, software implementation, program execution, analysis, validation, and visualization of results. CSE addresses these issues.

Although CSE includes elements from computer science, applied mathematics, engineering and science, it focuses on the integration of knowledge and methodologies from all of these disciplines and, as such, is a subject distinct from any of them. All students pursuing an emphasis in CSE must complete the following:

• Numerical Methods: Electrical and Computer Engineering 210A-B-C-D (students must take at least three)

• Parallel Computing: Computer Science 240A-B (students must take at least one).

• Applied Mathematics: Students must take either the Math 214A-B or Math 215A-B sequence (run concurrently with Math 119A-B and Math 124A-B respectively), or the Chemical Engineering 230A-B sequence.

• Credit will not be given for more than one of these sequences. Advanced courses may be substituted, with approval, as follows: Math 243 instead of Math 214, and Math 246 instead of Math 215.

The specific requirements for the M.S. in Electrical and Computer Engineering (thesis option only) with the CSE emphasis are as follows:

• Completion of the above requirements for an M.S. in electrical and computer engineering

• A master's thesis in CSE

The thesis must be written under the supervision of a CSE ladder faculty member. The thesis committee must include a minimum of three permanent ladder faculty members, at least two from Electrical and Computer Engineering and one from CSE (may be CSE faculty member from another department).

Students pursuing a Ph.D. with an emphasis in CSE must:

• Complete the above requirements for a Ph.D. in electrical and computer engineering

• Write and defend a dissertation in CSE

The student's dissertation must be written under the supervision of an Electrical and Computer Engineering CSE ladder faculty member. The doctoral examination committee must include at least one CSE ladder faculty member and at least one ladder faculty member from another department.

Certificate Program -- Electrical and Computer Engineering

For completion of the certificate program, students are required to complete five courses with at least a 3.0 grade-point average. Three of these courses must be at the graduate level, and all courses must be taken for letter grades. Courses specifically required of undergraduate majors cannot be included for credit. Students must complete the requirements for a certificate in three years from the date of admission to the program. Suitable courses within each of the five approved programs are listed below. Students who wish to use courses not listed in this section must secure the approval of the department graduate advisor in advance.

Courses suitable for a certificate in circuits and signal processing:

ECE 124A-B-C, 130C, 145A-B-C, 147B, 149, 152A-B, 158, 178, 202B, 208A-B-C, 210A, 230A-B, 235, 242, 245, 258A, 259, 271A-B, 277B, 278A; Computer Science 180.

Courses suitable for a certificate in control and communication systems:

ECE 124A-B-C, 145A-B, 146A-B, 147A-B, 149, 152A-B, 158, 205A, 210A, 230A-B, 235, 240A-B, 242, 243, 247, 249, 258A, 271A-B.

Courses suitable for a certificate in computer engineering:

ECE 124A-B-C, 152A-B, 154, 155, 158, 178, 224A-B, 252A-B-C, 254A-B-C, 256A-B-C-D, 257A, 258A, 259, 277B, 278A, 279A-B; Computer Science 130A-B, 162, 170, 172, 174, 176, 180, 260, 262, 270A-B, 272, 274, 276, 280.

Courses suitable for a certificate in electronics and photonics:

ECE 124A-B-C, 144A-B, 145A-B, 162A-B-C, 178, 201A-B-C, 202B, 208A-B-C, 211A-B, 213, 215A-B, 216A-B, 220A-B-C, 221A-B, 224A-B, 225, 228A-B, 260A-B, 278A, 278C; Physics 123A-B, 141, 253.

Electrical and Computer Engineering Courses

Lower Division Courses

Engineering 3. Introduction to C Programming
(3) Staff
Prerequisites: open to College of Engineering freshmen only, except computer science, pre-computer science, and computer engineering majors.
Introduction to computers: word processing, spreadsheets, and C programming language. Basic programming concepts, algorithms, data structures, debugging, and program design.

Engineering 5A. Computations in Elementary Differential Equations and Linear Algebra
(1) Staff
Prerequisites: Physics 1; Mathematics 5A (may be taken concurrently); open to College of Engineering majors only.
Ordinary differential equations, initial value problems, and linear algebra explored in an engineering context with the use of modern computer math tools. (F)

Engineering 5B. Computations in Vector Calculus
(1) Staff
Prerequisites: Physics 1; Mathematics 5B (may be taken concurrently); open to College of Engineering majors only.
Vector differential calculus and vector integral calculus explored in an engineering context with the use of modern computer math tools. (W)

Engineering 5C. Computations in Ordinary and Partial Differential Equations
(1) Staff
Prerequisites: Physics 1; Mathematics 5C (may be taken concurrently); open to College of Engineering majors only.
Nonlinear systems, Fourier analysis, boundary value problems, and partial differential equations explored in an engineering context with the use of modern math tools. (S)

2A. Circuits, Devices, and Systems
(4) Staff
Prerequisites: Physics 2 with a minimum grade of C-; and, Mathematics 3A-B-C with a minimum grade of C; and, Mathematics 5A (may be taken concurrently) with a minimum grade of C; open to EE and computer engineering majors only. Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 3 hours.
Introductory circuit analysis; op-amps and op-amps circuits; phasors and AC analysis; first and second order transient analysis. Introduction to pc-based circuit simulators; introduction to the use of test instruments (oscilloscope, multi-meter, function generators, power supplies). (F)

2B. Circuits, Devices, and Systems
(4) Long
Prerequisites: ECE 2A with a grade of C- or better; open to EE and computer engineering majors only. Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 3 hours.
Introduction to diodes, transistors, logic gates, and transformers. Emphasis is on understanding phenomenological I-V curves and switching operations. Coverage of nonlinear applications such as half-wave and full-wave rectifiers, (diode and op-amp), voltage multiplier, amplifiers, logic gates. (F,W)

2C. Circuits, Devices, and Systems
(4) Long
Prerequisites: ECE 2B with a grade of C- or better; open to EE and computer engineering majors only. Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 3 hours.
Continuation of introductory circuit analysis. Laplace transform and solution of steady state and transient circuit problems in the s-domain; Bode plots; resonators; op-amps and design of op-amp circuits; passive and active filters; Fourier series and Fourier transformers. Two-port circuit parameters and their use in small signal transistor circuit analysis.

6A-B. Circuits and Electronics
(3-3) Staff
Prerequisites: Physics 2 and Mathematics 3A-B-C. For ECE 6B, 6A is required. Open to engineering majors except EE. Lecture, 2 hours; laboratory, 3 hours.
Introduction to basic electrical circuits and electronics. Includes Kirchhoff's laws, network responses, power distribution, diodes, transistor circuits, analog computation, and instrumentation. (W,S)

15A. Computer Organization
(3) Marek-Sadowska
Prerequisite: ECE 2A with a minimum grade of C-.
Not open for credit to students who have completed ECE 15. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.
Digital logic circuits, integrated circuits, and digital functions. Elementary use of CAD tools for schematic capture, VHDL logic design and simulation. Data representation. Register transfer design and microoperations. Digital computer organization. (W)

15B. Assembler Programming
(3) Marek-Sadowska
Prerequisite: ECE 15A with a minimum grade of C-.
Not open for credit to students who have completed Computer Science 30 or ECE 15. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.
Basic computer organization, elements of computer software, assembler language programming, subroutines, I/O programming, interrupt processing, and system programming. (S)

Upper Division Courses

Engineering 100. Engineering Economic Analysis
(3) Staff
Prerequisite: upper-division standing in engineering. Lecture, 3 hours.
Engineering feasibility factors and engineering economic analysis. Analysis of alternatives and estimates of demands and costs in engineering. (F,W)

Engineering 101. Ethics in Engineering
(3) Staff
Prerequisite: upper-division standing in engineering. Lecture, 3 hours.
The nature of moral value, normative judgment and moral reasoning. Theories of moral value. The engineer's role in society. Ethics in professional practice. Safety, risk, responsibility. Morality and career choice. Code of ethics. Case studies will facilitate the comprehension of the concepts introduced. (W,S)

Engineering 103. Advanced Engineering Writing
(4) Staff
Prerequisites: Engineering 2A-B-C or Writing 1 or 1E or 2 or 2E; and, Writing 50 or 50E; upper-division standing.
Practice in the forms of communicationcontractual reports, proposals, conference papers, oral presentations, business plansthat engineers and entrepreneurial engineers will encounter in professional careers. Focus is on research methods, developing a clear and persuasive writing style, and electronic document preparation.

105. Statistical Thermodynamics
(4) Kroemer
Prerequisites: Mathematics 5C, Physics 4, and ECE 134 all with a minimum grade of C-. Lecture, 4 hours.
Statistical distribution of energy. Nature of thermal equilibrium, definition of temperature and entropy. Heat and work. Partition functions. Free energy. Chemical potential. Applications: electrons in semiconductors; radiation, electrical noise, lasers; Carnot limits to energy conversion efficiencies;
alloys. (S)

124A. VLSI Principles
(4) Brewer
Prerequisites: ECE 132 (may be taken concurrently) and ECE 154 with a minimum grade of C- in both. Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 3 hours.
Field effect transistor device models, large swing circuit transient analysis. Device, circuit, and subsystem layout rules; device and interconnection parasitics and relation to circuit performance. CMOS design optimization strategies for digital and mixed signal integrated circuits.

124B-C. Integrated Circuit Design and Fabrication
(4-4) Bowers
Prerequisites: ECE 137A-B with a minimum grade of C- in both, or ECE 132 with a minimum grade of C-. Lecture, 4 hours; laboratory, 3 hours.
Theory, fabrication, and characterization of solid state devices and circuits including P-N junctions, capacitors, bipolar and MOS devices. NMOS circuits will be designed, simulated, fabricated, and tested. The physics and performance of VLSI processing steps will be discussed and analyzed using computer simulations. (W,S)

124D. VLSI Architecture and Design
(4) Brewer
Prerequisite: ECE 124A with a minimum grade of C-. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.
Practical issues in VLSI circuit design, pad/pin limitations, clocking and interfacing standards, electrical packaging for high-speed and high-performance design. On-chip noise and crosstalk, clock and power distribution, architectural and circuit design constraints, interconnection limits and transmission line effects.

125. High Speed Digital Integrated Circuit Design
(4) Long
Prerequisite: ECE 124A or 137A with a minimum grade of C- in either. Lecture, 4 hours.
Very high speed digital IC technologies and circuits. Silicon and compound semiconductor devices. Interfaces, interconnections, packaging, testing of high speed circuits. Low power, high speed design technologies. Application of CAD tools for design project. (S)

130A. Signal Analysis and Processing
(4) Rhodes
Prerequisites: Mathematics 5A-B with a grade of C- or better. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 2 hours.
Analysis of continuous time linear systems in the time and frequency domains. Superposition and convolution. Bilateral and unilateral Laplace transforms. Fourier series and Fourier transforms. Filtering, modulation, and feedback. (F)

130B. Signal Analysis and Processing
(4) Rhodes
Prerequisite: ECE 130A with a grade of C- or better. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 2 hours.
Analysis of discrete time linear systems in the time and frequency domains. Z transform, Discrete Fourier transforms. Sampling and aliasing. (W)

130C. Signal Analysis and Processing
(4) Chandrasekaran
Prerequisites: ECE 130A-B with a minimum grade of C- in both. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 2 hours.
Basic techniques for the analysis of linear models in electrical engineering: Gaussian elimination, vector spaces and linear equations, orthogonality, determinants, eigenvalues and eigenvectors, systems of linear differential equations, positive definite matrices, singular value decomposition. (S)

132. Introduction to Solid State Electronic Devices
(4) Mishra
Prerequisites: Physics 4 with a minimum grade of C-; Mathematics 5A with a minimum grade of C; and ECE 2A-B (may be taken concurrently) with a minimum grade of C- in both. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 2 hours.
Electrons and holes in semiconductors; doping (p and n); state occupation statistics; transport properties of electrons and holes; p-n junction diodes; I-V, C-V, and switching properties of p-n junctions; introduction to bipolar transistors, MOSFETs and JFETs. (F)

134. Introduction to Fields and Waves
(4) Dagli, York
Prerequisites: Physics 3 with a minimum grade of C-; and Mathematics 5A-B with a minimum grade of C; and Mathematics 5C with a minimum grade of C-. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 2 hours.
Introduction to applied electromagnetics and wave phenomena in high frequency electronic circuits and systems. Waves on transmission-lines, elements of electrostatics and magnetostatics and applications, plane waves, examples and applications to RF, microwave, and optical systems. (F)

135. Optical Fiber Communication
(4) Dagli
Prerequisites: ECE 132 and 134 with a minimum grade of C- in both. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.
Optical fiber as a transmission medium, dispersion and nonlinear effects in fiber transmission, fiber and semiconductor optical amplifiers and lasers, optical modulators, photo detectors, optical receivers, wavelength division multiplexing components, optical filters, basic transmission system analysis and design.

137A. Circuits and Electronics I
(4) Rodwell
Prerequisites: ECE 2A-B, 130A, and 132 with a minimum grade of C- in all; open to EE majors only. Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 3 hours.
Analysis of single stage and multistage transistor circuits, including biasing, gain, and impedances. High-frequency and low-frequency analysis of active and passive networks and their resulting transient response (Laplace methods). Analysis and design of feedback circuits. Bode and Nyquist stability
criteria. (W)

137B. Circuits and Electronics II
(4) Rodwell
Prerequisites: ECE 137A and ECE 2C; open to EE majors only. Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 3 hours.
Analysis of single stage and multistage transistor circuits, including biasing, gain, and impedances. High-frequency and low-frequency analysis of active and passive networks and their resulting transient response (Laplace methods). Analysis and design of feedback circuits. Bode and Nyquist stability
criteria. (S)

139. Probability and Statistics
(4) Iltis
Prerequisites: upper-division standing; EE and computer engineering majors only.
Not open to students who have completed PSTAT 120A. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 2 hours.
Fundamentals of probability, random variables, functions of random variables, expectation and high-order moments, characteristic functions, random sequences, laws of large numbers, hypothesis testing. (S)

140. Random Processes for Engineering
(4) Iltis
Prerequisites: ECE 139 with a minimum grade of C-; open to EE majors only. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 2 hours.
Random processes, spectral analysis, linear systems with random inputs, representation of bandlimited processes, Poisson process, discrete-state Markov processes, simple queueing systems.

144A-B. Electromagnetic Fields and Waves
(4-4) York
Prerequisite: ECE 134 with a minimum grade of C-. Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 3 hours.
Waves on transmission lines, Maxwell's equations, skin effect, propagation and reflection of electromagnetic waves, microwave integrated circuit principles, metal and dielectric waveguides, resonant cavities, antennas. Microwave and optical device examples. Selected laboratory experiments and experience with modern microwave CAD software. (W,S)

145A. Communication Electronics
(5) Long
Prerequisites: ECE 137A-B with a minimum grade of C- in both. Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 6 hours.
Analog communication circuits 1 MHz to 1GHz with emphasis on receivers. S-parameter design techniques, nonideal components, distortion, amplifier design and characterization, system level analysis. (F)

145B. Communication Electronics
(5) Long
Prerequisite: ECE 145A with a minimum grade of C-; EE majors only. Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 6 hours.
Analog communication circuits 1 MHz to 1GHz with emphasis on receivers. Design and evaluation of RF components: mixers, oscillators, PLL, IF amplifier, FM demodulator, frequency synthesis. (W)

145C. High Speed Bipolar Mixed Signal and Communication IC Design
(4) Rodwell
Prerequisites: ECE 137A-B with a minimum grade of C- in both. Lecture, 4 hours.
Transistor and passive component models. Broadband amplifiers. Fast digital IC design. Circuit noise, digital communication receiver sensitivity. Latched comparator design. Nyquist and oversampled analog-digital and digital-analog converters. Direct digital frequency synthesis. Fiber optic and microwave digital transceivers.

146A. Analog Communication Theory and Techniques
(5) Iltis
Prerequisites: ECE 130A-B and 140 with a minimum grade of C- in all. Open to EE majors only. Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 6 hours.
Modulation theory. AM, FM, PM, and analog pulse modulation and demodulation techniques. Noise models in electronic circuits. System noise and performance calculations. (W)

146B. Digital Communication Theory and Techniques
(5) Shynk
Prerequisites: ECE 130A-B , 140, and 146A with a minimum grade of C- in all; open to EE majors only. Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 6 hours.
The quantitative measure of information. Introduction to the fundamental theorems of information theory and their implications in system design. Quantization and coding. Pulse code modulation (PCM). Matched filters, PCM modems, elementary decision-theory concepts. Concepts of error detection and correction. Coded PCM systems. Feedback communication systems. (S)

147A. Feedback Control Systems - Theory and Design
(5) Teel, Smith
Prerequisites: ECE 130A-B-C with a minimum grade of C- in each; open to EE and computer engineering majors only. Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 6 hours.
Feedback systems design, specifications in time and frequency domains. Analysis and synthesis of closed loop systems. Computer aided analysis and design. (F)

147B. Digital Control Systems - Theory and Design
(5) Smith, Teel
Prerequisite: ECE 147A with a minimum grade of C-; open to EE and computer engineering majors only. Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 6 hours.
Analysis of sampled data feedback systems; state space description of linear systems; observability, controllability, pole assignment, state feedback, observers. Design of digital control systems. (W)

149. Active and Passive Network Synthesis
(4) Mitra
Prerequisites: ECE 137A-B with a minimum grade of C- in both; open to EE majors only. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.
Combines the areas of electronics and network theory in the subject of passive and active network design. Topics include passive synthesis, optimization techniques, approximations to ideal filters, distributed networks, sensitivity and the modern design techniques, and applications of active filters. (S)

151. Distributed Systems
(4) Melliar-Smith
Prerequisite: Computer Science 170 with a minimum grade of C-.
Not open for credit to students who have completed Computer Science 171. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.
Operation on multiple computers, distributed programming techniques and distributed programming languages, message passing, remote procedure invocation, group communication, asynchrony, causality, consistency, fault tolerance and recovery, group membership, naming, resource management, scheduling, specification, monitoring, testing and debugging.

152A. Digital Design Principles
(5) Staff
Prerequisites: ECE 15 or 15A-B or Computer Science 30 with a minimum grade of C- in each course; open to EE, computer engineering and computer science majors only. Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 6 hours.
Boolean algebra, switching functions. Application of Boolean algebra to the design and analysis of combinational logic nets; minimization procedures. Analysis and synthesis of sequential switching circuits, synchronous and asynchronous operation, state minimization, hazards, and races. (F,W,SS)

152B. Digital Design Methodologies
(5) Cheng
Prerequisites: ECE 152A with a minimum grade of
C-; open to EE, computer engineering, and computer science majors only. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 6 hours.
Design methodologies of digital systems, the register and processor levels. Design of functional subsystems, including arithmetic processors, hardwired and microprogrammed control units, memory systems, and bussing systems. System organization including communication, input/output systems, and multiple CPU systems. (S)

153A. Hardware/Software Interface
(4) Chang
Prerequisite: Computer Science 125 or 130A with a minimum grade of C- in either.
Same course as Computer Science 153A. Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 1 hour.
Machine-level structures implementing the operating system abstraction; memory-mappers, multi-level interrupts, direct memory access techniques. Lowest-level software/firmware structures: micro-kernels, interpreters, emulators, threaded-code, real-time scheduling. Compilation and cross-compilation techniques; system initialization; validation and debugging; in-circuit testing. (F)

153B. Sensor and Peripheral Interface Design
(4) Butner
Prerequisites: ECE 152B and 153A with a minimum grade of C- in both. Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 3 hours.
Hardware description languages; field-programmable logic and ASIC design techniques. Mixed-signal techniques: A/D and D/A converter interfaces; video and audio signal acquisition, processing and generation, communication and network interfaces. (W)

154. Introduction to Computer Architecture
(4) Parhami
Prerequisite: ECE 152A with a minimum grade of C-; open to EE, computer engineering, and computer science majors only.
Not open for credit to students who have completed Computer Science 154. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.
Computer architecture representation methods. Classical processor/memory/switch aspects of computer architecture: instructions, addressing, interpretation and control, I/O systems, and memory hierarchies. Aspects of system architecture: protection mechanisms and hardware aids to supervision, specialized processors, and multi-processor/computer systems. Evaluation methods and system analysis. (F,S,SS)

155A. Introduction to Computer Networks
(4) Moser
Prerequisite: ECE 154 or Computer Science 154 or 170 with a minimum grade of C- in any.
Not open for credit to students who have completed Computer Science 176 or 176A, or ECE 155. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.
OSI reference model, analog and digital transmission, local-area networks, packet switching, protocols, routing, flow control, performance, error recovery, security, client-server systems, Internet, and ATM. (W)

155B. Network Computing
(4) Moser
Prerequisite: ECE 155A with a minimum grade of C-.
Not open for credit to students who have completed Computer Science 176B or ECE 194W. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.
Creating networked application systems, distributed objects, CORBA, JAVA, applets, mobile agents, naming, resource management, network security, internet multicasting and multimedia, wireless networks. (S)

156A. Digital Design with VHDL and Synthesis
(4) Cheng
Prerequisite: ECE 152A with a minimum grade of C-. Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 3 hours.
Introduction to VHDL basic elements. VHDL simulation concepts. VHDL concurrent statements with examples and applications. VHDL subprograms, packages, libraries and design units. Writing VHDL for synthesis. Writing VHDL for finite state machines. Design case study.

156B. Computer-Aided Design of VLSI Circuits
(4) Marek-Sadowska
Prerequisite: ECE 156A with a minimum grade of C-. Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 3 hours.
Introduction to computer-aided simulation and synthesis tools for VLSI. VLSI system design flow, role of CAD tools, layout synthesis, circuit simulation, logic simulation, logic synthesis, behavior synthesis and test synthesis.

157. Real-Time Embedded Control Computing
(4) Melliar-Smith
Prerequisite: ECE 153B with a minimum grade of C-. Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 3 hours.
Basic real-time embedded computing, real time and clock synchronization, preplanned, rate monotonic, deadline and least-laxity scheduling, application-specific languages, timed input and output, jitter, smoothing and debouncing, safety, fault tolerance. (not offered 2002-2003)

158. Digital Signal Processing
(4) Mitra
Prerequisites: ECE 130A-B with a minimum grade of C- in both; open to EE majors only.
Recommended preparation: Mathematics 124A. Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 3 hours.
Discrete signals and systems, convolution, z-transforms, discrete Fourier transforms, digital filters. (F)

160. Multimedia Systems
(4) Chang
Prerequisites: ECE 178 and 181B; Computer Science 125 with a minimum grade of C- in all prerequisites; open to EE, computer engineering, computer science, and creative studies majors only.
Not open for credit to students who have completed Computer Science 182. Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 3 hours.
Introduction to multimedia and applications, including WWW, image/video databases and video streaming. Course covers media content analysis, media data organization and indexing (image/video databases), and media data distribution and interaction (video-on-demand and interactive TV).

162A. The Quantum Description of Electronic Materials
(4) Hu
Prerequisites: ECE 130A-B, 134, and 105 with a minimum grade of C- in all; open to EE and materials majors only.
Same course as Materials 162A. Lecture, 4 hours.
Electrons as particles and waves, Schrodinger's equation and illustrative solutions. Tunnelling. Atomic structure, the exclusion principle and the periodic table. Bonds. Free electrons in metals, periodic potentials and energy bands. (F)

162B. Fundamentals of the Solid State
(4) Coldren
Prerequisite: ECE 162A with a minimum grade of C-; open to EE and materials majors only.
Same course as Materials 162B. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.
Crystal lattices and the structure of solids, with emphasis on semiconductors. Lattice vibrations, electronic states and energy bands. Electrical and thermal conduction. Dielectric and optical properties. Semiconductor devices: diffusion, p-n junctions and diode behavior. (W)

162C. Optoelectronic Materials and Devices
(4) Imamoglu
Prerequisites: ECE 162A-B with a minimum grade of C- in both; open to EE and materials majors only. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.
Optical transitions in solids. Direct and indirect gap semiconductors. Luminescence. Excitons and photons. Fundamentals of optoelectronic devices: semiconductor lasers, LED's photoconductors, solar cells, photo diodes, modulators. Photoemission. Integrated optics. (S)

178. Fundamentals of Computer Image Processing
(4) Manjunath
Prerequisites: ECE 15 or ECE 15A-B or Computer Science 30 with a minimum grade of C- in each course; open to EE and computer engineering majors only. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.
Basic concepts in image processing. Techniques, capabilities, and limitations with emphasis on use of digital computer but also of optical and analog systems. Image sampling, reconstruction, enhancement, restoration, data extraction, and coding. Some hands-on laboratory experience is offered. (W)

181A. Introduction to Robotics: Robot Mechanics
(4) Paden
Same course as ME 170A.
Recommended preparation: ME 16. Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 3 hours.
Overview of robot kinematics and dynamics. Structure and operation of industrial robots. Robot performance: work space, velocity, precision, payload. Comparative discussion of robot mechanical designs. Actuators. Robot coordinate systems. Kinematics of position. Dynamics of manipulators.
(S; may not be offered every year)

181B. Introduction to Computer Vision
(4) Manjunath
Prerequisite: upper-division standing.
Same course as Computer Science 181B. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.
Overview of image processing, pattern recognition; image formation, binary images; edge detection, image segmentation, introduction to textured image analysis, optical flow, depth from stereo, shape from shading, shape from motion, shape representation techniques, issues in object recognition, case study of some vision systems. (S)

181C. Introduction to Robotics: Robot Control
(4) Paden
Prerequisite: ECE 2A-B-C with a minimum grade of C-; or, ME 6 and 104. Lecture, 2 hours; laboratory, 4 hours.
Same course as ME 170C.
Overview of robot control technology from open-loop manipulators and sensing systems, to single-joint servovalves and servomotors, to integrated adaptive force and position control using feedback from machine vision and touch sensing systems. Design emphasis on accurate tracking accomplished with minimal algorithm complexity. (F; may not be offered every year)

183. Nonlinear Phenomena
(4) Staff
Prerequisites: Physics 105A or ME 163 or upper-division standing in EE.
Same course as Physics 106 and ME 169. Not open for credit to students who have completed ECE 163C. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.
An introduction to nonlinear phenomena. Flows and bifurcations in one and two dimensions, chaos, fractals, strange attractors. Applications to physics, engineering, chemistry, and biology.

181C. Introduction to Robotics: Robot Control
(4) Paden
Prerequisite: ECE 147A or ME 155A. Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 3 hours.
Overview of robot control technology from open-loop manipulators and sensing systems, to single-joint servovalves and servomotors, to integrated adaptive force and position control using feedback from machine vision and touch sensing systems. Design emphasis on accurate tracking accomplished with minimal algorithm complexity. (F; may not be offered every year)

189A-B. Senior Computer Systems Project
(4-4) Staff
Prerequisite: consent of instructor; senior standing in computer engineering, computer science, or EE.
Not open for credit to students who have completed Computer Science 189.
Student groups design a significant computer-based project. Groups work independently with interaction among groups via interface specifications and informal meetings.

192. Projects in Electrical and Computer Engineering
(4) Staff
Prerequisite: consent of instructor. Discussion, 2 hours; laboratory, 6 hours.
Projects in electrical and computer engineering for advanced undergraduate students. (F,W,S,SS)

193. Internship in Industry
(1-8) Staff
Prerequisite: consent of department.
Must have a 3.0 grade point average. May not be used as departmental electives. May be repeated to a maximum of 12 units. Field, 1-8 hours.
Special projects for selected students. Offered in conjunction with engineering practice in selected industrial and research firms, under direct faculty supervision. (F,W,S,SS)

194AA-ZZ. Group Studies in Electrical and Computer Engineering
(1-5) Staff
Prerequisite: consent of instructor. Variable hours.
Group studies intended for small number of advanced students who share an interest in a topic not included in the regular departmental curriculum. Topics covered by these group studies are coded as follows (check with department for quarters offered):
A. Circuits
B. Systems Theory
C. Communications Systems
D. Control Systems
E. Signal Processing
F. Solid State
G. Fields and Waves
H. Quantum Electronics
I. Microwave Electronics
J. Switching Theory
K. Digital Systems Design
L. Computer Architecture
M. Computer Graphics
N. Pattern Recognition
O. Microprocessors and Microprocessor-based Systems
P. Simulation
Q. Imaging Systems and Image Processing
R. General
S. Speech
T. Robot Control
U. Optoelectronics
V. Scientific Computation
W. Computer Network
X. Distributed Computation
Y. Numerical Differential Equations

196. Undergraduate Research
(2-4) Staff
Prerequisites: upper-division standing; consent of instructor.
Must have a minimum 3.0 grade-point average for the preceding three quarters. May be repeated for up to 12 units. Not more than 4 units may be applied to departmental electives.
Research opportunities for undergraduate students. Students will be expected to give regular oral presentations, actively participate in a weekly seminar, and prepare at least one written report on their research. (F,W,S)

199. Independent Studies in Electrical and Computer Engineering
(1-5) Staff
Prerequisites: upper division standing; completion of two upper-division courses in electrical and computer engineering; consent of instructor.
Must have a minimum 3.0 grade-point average for the preceding three quarters. Students are limited to five units per quarter and 30 units total in all 98/99/198/199/199DC/199RA courses combined. (F,W,S)
Directed individual study, normally experimental.

Graduate Courses

201A. Electromagnetic Theory I
(4) York
Prerequisites: ECE 144A-B. Lecture, 4 hours.
Basic concepts in electromagnetic theory, energy power, plane waves, guided waves, dielectric metallic waveguides, radiation, uniqueness, image theory, reciprocity, duality, equivalence principle, induction theorem. (F)

201B. Electromagnetic Theory II
(4) York
Prerequisite: ECE 201A. Lecture, 4 hours.
Fundamental theorems and techniques for electromagnetic boundary value and radiation problems, Green's function, integrated equations, method of moments, mode matching, perturbational and variational analysis. (W; offered alternate years)

201C. Antennas
(3) York
Prerequisites: ECE 144A-B.
Offered in alternate years with ECE 201D. Lecture, 3 hours.
Classical and computer-numerical methods for analysis and design of antennas. Single-element antennas, antenna arrays and analysis of mutual-impedance effects, aperture antennas, and frequency independent antennas. (S)

205A. Information Theory
(4) Rose
Prerequisites: ECE 140 or PSTAT 120A-B. Lecture, 4 hours.
Entropy, mutual information, and Shannon's coding theorems; lossless source coding, Huffman, Shannon-Fano-Elias, and arithmetic codes; channel capacity; rate-distortion theory, and lossy source coding; source-channel coding; algorithmic complexity and information; applications of information theory in various fields.

207. Research Projects or Independent Studies
(1-6) Staff
Prerequisite: consent of instructor. Variable hours.
Graduate research projects or independent studies to be arranged between students and staff members. See M.S. degree requirements, plans 1 and 2, regarding number of units which may be used for M.S. degree. (F,W,S,SS)

208C. Optical Computing and Information Displays
(4) Yeh
Prerequisites: ECE 144A-B-C and 208A. Lecture, 4 hours.
Devices and media for optical computing, optical pattern recognition, spatial light modulators, optical storage, optical matrix algebra, associative memory, optical interconnection, optical neural networks and liquid crystal displays. (S)

210A. Matrix Analysis and Computation
(4) Chandrasekaran
Prerequisite: consent of instructor.
Same course as Computer Science 211A, Mathematics 206A, ME 210A, and Chemical Engineering 211A.
Recommended preparation: Students should be proficient in basic numerical methods, linear algebra, mathematically rigorous proofs, and some programming language. Lecture, 4 hours.
Graduate level-matrix theory with introduction to matrix computations. SVD's, pseudoinverses, variational characterization of eigenvalues, perturbation theory, direct and iterative methods for matrix computations.

210B. Numerical Simulation
(4) Staff
Prerequisite: consent of instructor.
Same course as Computer Science 211B, Mathematics 206B, ME 210B, and Chemical Engineering 211B.
Recommended preparation: Students should be proficient in basic numerical methods, linear algebra, mathematically rigorous proofs, and some programming language. Lecture, 4 hours.
Linear multistep methods and Runge-Kutta methods for ordinary differential equations: stability, order and convergence. Stiffness. Differential algebraic equations. Numerical solution of boundary value problems.

210C. Numerical Solution of Partial Differential EquationsFinite Difference Methods
(4) Staff
Prerequisite: consent of instructor.
Same course as Computer Science 211C, Mathematics 206C, ME 210C, and Chemical Engineering 211C.
Recommended preparation: Students should be proficient in basic numerical methods, linear algebra, mathematically rigorous proofs, and some programming language. Lecture, 4 hours.
Finite difference methods for hyperbolic, parabolic and elliptic PDEs, with application to problems in science and engineering. Convergence, consistency, order and stability of finite difference methods. Dissipation and dispersion. Finite volume methods. Software design and adaptivity.

210D. Numerical Solution of Partial Differential EquationsFinite Element Methods
(4) Staff
Prerequisite: consent of instructor.
Same course as Computer Science 211D, Mathematics 206D, ME 210D, and Chemical Engineering 211D.
Recommended preparation: Students should be proficient in basic numerical methods, linear algebra, mathematically rigorous proofs, and some programming language. Lecture, 4 hours.
Weighted residual and finite element methods for the solution of hyperbolic, parabolic and elliptical partial differential equations, with application to problems in science and engineering. Error estimates. Standard and discontinuous Galerkin methods.

211A. Engineering Quantum
Mechanics I
(4) Kroemer
Prerequisites: ECE 105 and 162A-B.
Same course as Materials 211A. Lecture, 4 hours.
Wave-particle duality; bound states; uncertainty relations; expectation values and operators; variational principle; eigenfunction expansions; perturbation theory I. Treatment matches needs and background of ECE and materials students emphasizing solid state or quantum electronics. (W)

213. Crystal Growth and Thin Film Epitaxy
(3) Petroff
Prerequisite: consent of instructor.
Same course as Materials 213. Lecture, 3 hours.
Nucleation and epitaxy: homogeneous and heterogeneous epitaxy. Growth mechanism, defect creation. Kinetics and thermodynamics of crystal growth for: liquid phase epitaxy, vapor phase epitaxy, and molecular beam epitaxy of metals and semiconductors.

215A. Fundamentals of Electronic Solids I
(4) Kroemer
Prerequisite: ECE 162A or 162B.
Same course as Materials 206A. Lecture, 4 hours.
Introduction into the physics of semiconductors for beginning engineering graduate students. Crystal structure. Reciprocal lattice and crystal diffraction. Electrons in periodic structures. Energy and bands. Semiconductor electrons and probes, Fermi
statistics. (F)

215B. Fundamentals of Electronic Solids II
(4) Kroemer
Prerequisite: ECE 162A or 162B.
Same course as Materials 206B. Lecture, 4 hours.
Phonons, electron scattering, electronic transport, selected optical properties, heterostructures, effective mass, quantum wells, two-dimensional electron gas, quantum wires, deep levels, crystal binding. (W)

216B. Defects in Semiconductors
(3) Petroff
Prerequisites: ECE 162A-B.
Same course as Materials 216B. Lecture, 3 hours.
Structural and electronic properties of elementary defects in semiconductors. Point defects and impurity complexes. Deep levels. Dislocations and grain boundary electronic properties. Measurement techniques for radiative and non-radiative defect centers. (W)

217. Molecular Beam Epitaxy and Band Gap Engineering
(3) Gossard
Prerequisites: ECE 162A-B and 213.
Same course as Materials 217. Lecture, 3 hours.
Fundamentals and recent research developments in the growth and properties of thin crystalline films of electronic and optical materials by the process of molecular beam epitaxy. Artificially structured materials with quantized electron confinement and artificially engineered electronic band structure properties.

218A. Communication Electronics
(4) Long
Prerequisites: ECE 137A-B or equivalent.
Analog communication circuits 1 MHz to 1 GHz with emphasis on receivers. S-parameter design techniques, nonideal components, distortion, amplifier design and characterization, system level analysis. (F)

218B. Communication Electronics
(4) Long
Prerequisite: ECE 218A.
Analog communication circuits 1 MHz to 1 GHz with emphasis on receivers. Design and evaluation of RF components: mixers, oscillators, PLL, IF amplifier, FM demodulator, frequency synthesis. (W)

218C. High Speed Bipolar Mixed Signal and Communication IC Design
(4) Rodwell
Prerequisites: ECE 137A-B or equivalent; graduate standing.
Transistor and passive component models. Broadband amplifier design. Fast digital IC design at the transistor level. Circuit noise, signal/noise ratios, digital communication receiver sensitivity. Latched comparator design. Nyquist and oversampled analog-digital and digital-analog converters. Direct digital frequency synthesis. Fiber optic and microwave digital transceivers.

220A. Semiconductor Device Processing
(4) Hu
Prerequisites: ECE 124B-C.
Same course as Materials 215A. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour.
Intensive theoretical and laboratory instruction in solid-state device and integrated circuit fabrication. Topics include (1) semiconductor material properties and characterization; (2) phase diagrams; (3) diffusion; (4) thermal oxidation; (5) vacuum processes; (6) thin-film deposition; (7) scanning electron microscopy. Both gallium arsenide and silicon technologies are presented. (F)

220B-C. Semiconductor Device Processing
(4-4) Hu
Prerequisite: ECE 220A.
Same course as Materials 215B-C. Lecture, 3 hours; discussion 1 hour.
Continued theoretical and laboratory instruction in the fundamentals, the design, the fabrication, and the characterization of junction and field-effect devices. Topics will include bipolar characterization, design, fabrication, and testing. The laboratory effort initiated in ECE 220A will be continued in these two quarters. (W,S)

221A. Semiconductor Device Physics I
(4) Mishra
Prerequisites: ECE 105 and 162A-B. Lecture, 4 hours.
Band diagrams of p-n junctions and heterojunctions; current flow by drift and diffusion; bipolar transistors; recombination and generation. Schottky barriers; heterostructures. (W; offered alternate years)

221B. Semiconductor Device Physics II
(4) Mishra
Prerequisites: ECE 215 and 221A. Lecture, 4 hours.
More advanced continuation of ECE 221A: field effect transistors, quantum wells and superlattices; tunneling; avalanche breakdown; physical limitations of bipolar and field effect transistors; two-dimensional current flow problems. (S; offered alternate years)

224A. VLSI Project Design
(4) Butner
Prerequisites: ECE 152A and 154. Lecture, 4 hours.
Organization, planning, circuit design, mask layout, simulation, and analysis of Very Large-Scale Integrated circuits (VLSI circuits). Application of computer-aided design tools and techniques. Design of a substantial NMOS or CMOS VLSI project. (F)

224B. VLSI Project Testing
(4) Butner
Prerequisite: ECE 224A. Lecture, 2 hours; laboratory, 2 hours.
Test equipment and testing techniques. Methods for diagnosing design problems. Students perform laboratory testing of their fabricated designs from ECE 224A. (S)

225. High Speed Digital Integrated Circuit Design
(4) Long
Prerequisite: ECE 124 or 137A. Lecture, 4 hours.
Very high speed digital IC technologies and circuits. Silicon and compound semiconductor devices. Interfaces, interconnections, packaging, testing of high speed circuits. Low power, high speed design technologies. Application of CAD tools for design project. (S)

227A. Semiconductor Lasers I
(4) Coldren
Prerequisites: ECE 162A-B-C or 144A-B. Lecture, 4 hours.
Review of semiconductor physics, growth technology, and materials properties; double-heterostructure and quantum-well laser structures; carrier and photon rate equations; light vs. current characteristics; scattering and transmission matrices; compound cavity, distributed Bragg reflector, and distributed feedback lasers. (F)

227B. Semiconductor Lasers II
(4) Coldren
Prerquisites: ECE 227A and 215A. Lecture, 4 hours.
Gain and spontaneous emission vs. injection current in semiconductors; nonradiative recombination; strained-layer quantum wells. Dynamic characteristics of lasers including differential and large signal analysis of the rate equations; relative intensity noise and linewidth; carrier transport and feedback effects. (W)

227C. Photonic Integrated Circuits
(4) Coldren
Prerequisites: ECE 227A-B. Lecture, 4 hours.
Perturbation and coupled-mode analysis; DFB lasers revisited; directional couplers; modal excitation. Dielectric waveguide analysis techniques; waveguide radiation losses. Photonic integrated circuit examples, including tunable lasers with in-line gratings and contra- and co-directional couplers; ring lasers; numerical analysis techniques. (S)

228A. Fiber Optic Communications
(4) Bowers
Prerequisites: ECE 162A-B-C or 144A-B. Lecture, 4 hours.
Optical fiber structures and guided modes. Effect of dispersion, attenuation, self phase modulation, Brillioun and Raman gain. Loss and rise time budgets. Optical amplifiers, photodetector design, and receiver characteristics. (F)

228B. Optical Communication Switching and Networks
(4) Bowers
Prerequisite: ECE 228A. Lecture, 4 hours.
Long distance terrestrial and submarine communications. Time division multiplexing protocols and architectures. Wavelength division multiplexed devices, systems and protocols. Coherent communication systems. Passive optical networks. Blocking and nonblocking optical switches. Network design and management. (W)

230A-B. Linear Systems I, II
(4-4) Kokotovic, Bamieh
Prerequisites: ECE 234 (for ECE 230A): ECE 140; and, ECE 230A or ME 243A; and ECE 234 (for ECE 230B). Lecture, 4 hours.
Internal and external descriptions. Solution of state equations. Controllability and observability realizations. Pole assignment, observers; modern compensator design. Disturbance localizations and decoupling. Least-squares control. Least-squares estimation; Kalman filters; smoothing. The separation theorem; LQG compensator design. Computational considerations. Selected additional topics. (W,S)

232A. Introductory Robust Control with Applications
(4) Bamieh, Smith
Prerequisites: ECE 130 or ECE 230A or ME 255A; and ECE 230B (may be taken concurrently).
Same course as ME 256A.
Robust control theory; uncertainty modeling; stability of systems in the presence of norm-bounded perturbations; induced norm performance problems; structured singular value analysis; H-infinity control theory; model reduction; computer simulation based design project involving practical problems.

233. Numerical Simulation
(4) Staff
Lecture, 4 hours.
Interpolation and orthogonal polynomials, numerical differentiation and integration, existence and uniqueness of solutions to ODEs, Runge-Kutta and Adams methods, stability and stiff multistep methods, Pade approximations to the matrix exponential, numerical methods for Schrodinger's equation and boundary value problems.

234. Modeling, Identification, and Validation for Control
(4) Smith
Prerequisite: ECE 230A. Lecture, 3 hours.
Parametric and non-parametric models, open and closed-loop identification, bias and variance effects, model order selection, probing signal design, subspace identification, closed-loop probing, autotuning, model validation, iterative identification and design.

235. Stochastic Processes in Engineering
(4) Iltis
Prerequisites: ECE 140; graduate standing. Lecture, 4 hours.
A first-year graduate course in stochastic processes, including: review of basic probability; Gaussian, Poisson, and Wiener processes; wide-sense stationary processes; covariance function and power spectral density; linear systems driven by random inputs; basic Wiener and Kalman filter theory. (W)

236. Nonlinear Control Systems
(4) Kokotovic, Teel
Same course as ME 236.
Recommended preparation: ECE 230A. Lecture, 4 hours.
Analysis and design of nonlinear control systems. Focus on Lyapunov stability theory, with sufficient time devoted to contrasts between linear and nonlinear systems, input-output stability and the describing function method.

237. Nonlinear Control Design
(4) Kokotovic, Teel
Prerequisite: ECE 236 or ME 236.
Same course as ME 237. Lecture, 4 hours.
Stabilizability by linearization and by geometric methods. State feedback design and input/output linearization. Observability and output feedback design. Singular perturbations and composite control. Backstepping design of robust controllers for systems with uncertain nonlinearities. Adaptive nonlinear control. (S)

238. Advanced Control Design Laboratory
(4) Smith
Prerequisites: ECE 230A; and, ECE 232A or ECE 237 or ME 237 or ECE 249 or ME 270A or Chemical Engineering 252. Lecture, 2 hours; laboratory, 6 hours.
A laboratory course requiring students to design and implement advanced control systems on a physical experiment. Experiments from any engineering or scientific discipline are chosen by the student.

240A. Optimal Estimation and Filtering
(4) Shynk
Prerequisites: ECE 140 and 210A. Lecture, 4 hours.
Optimal estimation concepts and theory (minimum variance, least-squares, and maximum likelihood estimation), optimal recursive algorithms for discrete- and continuous-time filtering of noisy signals and data. Wiener and Kalman filters, stability of recursive optimal filtering algorithms, modeling errors in recursive filters. (W)

240B. Detection Theory
(4) Iltis
Prerequisite: ECE 210A or 235. Lecture, 4 hours.
Hypothesis testing and its applications to the formulation of decision rules for the "optimal" detection of signals in a noisy environment. Selection of optimality criteria, the derivation of optimum receivers, applications in radar and digital communications. (S)

242. Digital Signal Compression
(4) Staff
Prerequisites: ECE 140 or 235; and ECE 146B. Lecture, 3 hours.
Principles and techniques of signal compression systems. Basic quantization theory, linear prediction, predictive coding, transform and subband coding, entropy coding, and vector quantization. Techniques and algorithms for efficient trade-offs between fidelity, bit-rate, and complexity. Applications to speech, audio, image and video compression. (F)

243. Digital Communication Theory
(4) Shynk
Prerequisite: ECE 146B. Lecture, 4 hours.
Review of probability and random waveforms, optimum receiver principles, efficient signaling, bounds on error probability, channel capacity, emphasis on geometric approach to signal description. (S)

244. Topics in Signal Compression
(4) Staff
Prerequisite: ECE 242. Lecture, 4 hours.
Theory and applications of low rate signal coding. Topics may include asymptotic quantization and distortion-rate theory, adaptive, finite-state, and constrained vector quantization. Multichannel prediction, tree/trellis coding, variable-rate methods, and applications from audio and visual signal compression. (W)

245. Adaptive Filter Theory
(4) Shynk
Prerequisites: ECE 140, 158, and 210A (may be taken concurrently). Lecture, 4 hours.
Theory and analysis of adaptive filters. Optimal filtering, linear prediction, method of least squares. Steepest-descent and Newton search methods, gradient estimation, LMS adaptive algorithm, recursive least squares. Gradient and least-squares lattice algorithms for joint-process estimation. Convergence analysis, stability conditions, time constants, misadjustment. (F; offered in alternate years.)

246. Data Networks
(4) Varvarigos
Prerequisite: ECE 140. Lecture, 4 hours.
Layered network architectures. Point to point protocols. Queueing theory for data networks. Multiaccess communications; switch design. Routing in data networks. Flow control.

247. System Identification
(4) Kokotovic
Prerequisite: ECE 230A. Lecture, 4 hours.
On-line identification of continuous- and discrete-time systems. Linear parameterizations. Continuous gradient and least squares algorithms. Stability, persistent excitation and parameter convergence. Robust algorithms for imperfect models. Averaging. Discrete-time equation-error identifiers. Output-error methods.

248. Kalman and Adaptive Filtering
(4) Staff
Prerequisites: ECE 210A, 230A and 235 (may be taken concurrently). Lecture, 4 hours.
Least-squares estimation for processes with state-space models. Wiener filters and spectral factorization. Kalman filters, smoothing and square-root algorithms. Steady-state filters. Extended Kalman filters for non-linear models. Fixed-order and order-recursive adaptive filters. (F)

249. Adaptive Control Systems
(4) Kokotovic
Prerequisites: ECE 236 and 247. Lecture, 4 hours.
Models of plants with unknown parameters. Boundedness properties of parameter update laws. Adaptive linear control. Stability and robustness to modeling errors and disturbances. Backstepping state-feedback design of direct adaptive nonlinear control. Output-feedback design. Nonlinear swapping. Indirect adaptive nonlinear control. (F)

252A. Sequential Machines and Automata Theory
(4) Cheng
Prerequisite: ECE 152A. Lecture, 4 hours.
Structure of sequential machines, covers, partitions, decomposition, and synthesis of multiple machines. State identification and fault detection experiments. Petri nets. Stochastic systems. Memory characteristics of finite automata. Linear sequential machines. Finite automata and regular languages. Retiming. (F)

252B. Computer Arithmetic
(4) Parhami
Prerequisites: ECE 152A-B. Lecture, 4 hours.
Standard and unconventional number representations. Design of fast two-operand and multi-operand adders. High-speed multiplication and division algorithms. Floating-point numbers, algorithms, and errors. Hardware algorithms for function evaluation. Pipelined, digit-serial, and fault-tolerant arithmetic processors. (F)

252C. Advanced Topics in Digital System Design
(4) Parhami
Prerequisites: ECE 152A-B. Lecture, 4 hours.
Pipelining: design issues, performance, tradeoffs. Bit-serial, digit-serial, and on-line arithmetic. VLSI array processors: systolic/wavefront arrays. Reconfigurable and robust digital systems. Microprogramming: techniques, optimization. Control-driven versus data-driven design styles. Example dedicated digital systems. (W)

254A. Advanced Computer Architecture: Supercomputers
(4) Melliar-Smith
Prerequisite: ECE 154. Lecture, 4 hours.
Design and application aspects of high-performance uniprocessors and shared memory multiprocessors. Memory design issues: cache memories, address translation, interleaving. Processor design issues: instruction sets, pipelining, vector processing. Software issues: explicit/implicit vectorization, vector-processing languages, optimizing compilers. Case studies of designs and applications. (W)

254B. Advanced Computer Architecture: Parallel Processing
(4) Parhami
Prerequisite: ECE 254A. Lecture, 4 hours.
The nature of concurrent computations. Idealized models of parallel systems. Practical realization of concurrency. Interconnection networks. Building-block parallel algorithms. Algorithm design, optimality, and efficiency. Mapping and scheduling of computations. Example multiprocessors and multicomputers. (S)

254C. Advanced Computer Architecture: Distributed Systems
(4) Melliar-Smith
Prerequisite: ECE 254A.
Multicomputers and distributed architectures. Message-based asynchronous computations. Distributed algorithms and their performance. Hardware issues: nodes, links, and communication mechanisms. Control issues: synchronization, global state determination, distributed consensus, and fault tolerance. Software issues: operating systems and languages. (F)

255. VLSI Testing Techniques
(4) Cheng
Prerequisites: ECE 152A, knowledge of C language, data structures and algorithms. Lecture, 4 hours.
Concepts, algorithms and design techniques for VLSI testing. Fault modeling, fault simulation, automatic test generation, design for testability, built-in self test, testability analysis, delay testing and synthesis for testability. (S)

256A. Introduction to Design Automation
(4) Marek-Sadowska
Prerequisites: ECE 124A or ECE 224A; knowledge of C language; Algorithms and Data Structures, equivalent to Computer Science 130A-B. Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 2 hours.
Overview of physical level design automation. Partitioning, placement, routing and structured design of VLSI and PC-board structures. Techniques will include graph theoretic algorithms, integer linear programming, force-directed and simulated annealing neuristics. (F)

256B. Logic Design Automation
(4) Brewer
Prerequisite: ECE 256A. Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 2 hours.
CAD algorithms for VLSI logic and module level design. Special attention paid to timing, area, and power trade-offs. Cell design systems and associated lab with state of the art VLSI design tools. (W)

256C. Advanced VLSI Architecture and Design
(4) Brewer
Prerequisites: ECE 224A or 256A or 256B or ECE 124A; and consent of instructor.
Large Scale VLSI design with attention to performance constraints in real-world designs. Topics include: circuit modeling, communication parasitics, architecture optimization, and packaging. Large scale project will be fabricated using silicon compilation tools. (S)

256D. Algorithmic Logic Synthesis
(4) Marek-Sadowska
Prerequisite: ECE 256A. Lecture, 4 hours.
Companion course for ECE 256B. Algorithmic extension of logic synthesis and techniques. Topics covered include: two and multilevel minimization, technology mapping, logic partitioning, and testable logic. (W)

257A. Fault-Tolerant Computing
(4) Staff
Prerequisites: ECE 152A-B. Lecture, 3 hours, plus individual project.
Fundamental concepts of dependable computing. Logical fault models. Dependability modeling and evaluation. Fault-tolerance building blocks, e.g., dynamic and standby redundancy, information coding. A paradigm for designing fault-tolerant systems. Introduction to fault-tolerant software and systems. (F)

258A. Advanced Digital Signal Processing
(4) Mitra
Prerequisite: ECE 158. Lecture, 4 hours.
Digital filter design, discrete random signals, effects of finite word length arithmetic, fast Fourier transform and applications, power spectrum estimation. (W)

258B. Multirate Digital Signal Processing
(4) Mitra
Prerequisites: ECE 158 and ECE 258A. Lecture, 4 hours.
Multirate digital filter theory, polyphase decomposition, decimator and interpolar design, efficient implementations, orthogonal transforms, wavelet transform, analysis and synthesis filter banks, quadrature mirror filter banks, transmultiplexer, subhand decomposition, applications. (S)

260A. Principles of Quantum Electronics
(4) Imamoglu
Prerequisite: ECE 144A or 162C. Lecture, 4 hours.
Energy levels in atoms, ions, and molecules. Interaction between radiation and quantized systems. Stimulated emission devices. Optical resonators. Lasers. (F; offered alternate years)

260B. Nonlinear and Quantum Optics
(4) Imamoglu
Prerequisites: ECE 260A and 211A. Lecture, 4 hours.
Nonlinear susceptibilities; generation of electromagnetic radiation; harmonic generation and parametric amplification. Quantization of the radiation field; quantum noise and squeezed states of light; quantum measurements. (W; offered alternate years)

268. Internet Computing and Digital T.V.
(4) Chang
Prerequisite: ECE 160. Lecture, 4 hours.
Some fundamental technologies that enable the internet and the world wide web including media formats and data representation, server architecture, http, internet services, and a substantial course project of building and deploying an internet-scale service prototype.

271A. Principles of Optimization
(4) Varvarigos
Prerequisite: ECE 210A (may be taken concurrently). Lecture, 4 hours.
Linear programming: simplex and revised simplex method, duality theory, primal-dual algorithms, Karmarkar's algorithm. Network flow problems: max-flow/min-cut theorem, Ford-Fulkerson algorithm, shortest path algorithms. Complexity and NP-completeness theory: the classes of P and NP, reductions between NP-complete problems, pseudopolynomial and approximation algorithms. (F)

271B. Numerical Optimization Methods
(4) Staff
Prerequisite: ECE 210A. Lecture, 4 hours.
Unconstrained nonlinear problems: basic properties of solutions and algorithms, global convergence, convergence rate, and complexity considerations. Constrained nonlinear problems: basic properties of solutions and algorithms. Primal, penalty and barrier, cutting plane, and dual methods. Computer implementations. (W)

271C. Dynamic Optimization
(4) Rhodes
Prerequisite: ECE 210A or 271B. Lecture, 4 hours.
Linear functionals, adjoint operators and duality. Gateaux and Frechet derivatives of nonlinear functionals and optimality conditions. Calculus of variations and Pontryagin's principle. Solution of optimal control problems by iterative methods in function spaces. Min-max problems and differential games.

277A. Neural Networks Theory
(4) Rose
Prerequisites: ECE 130C and 140. Lecture, 4 hours.
Discrete and continuous feedback (Hopfield) models. Feedforward models. Capacity bounds and estimates. Supervised learning: perceptrons, back-propagation, Boltzmann machine. Unsupervised learning: self-organization and hierarchical clustering by stochastic and deterministic methods. Generalizing from examples and the Vapnik-Chervonenkis dimension. (F)

277B. Pattern Recognition
(4) Rose
Prerequisites: ECE 130C and 140. Lecture, 4 hours.
Principles and design of pattern recognition systems. Statistical classifiers: discriminant functions; Bayes, minimum-risk, k-nearest neighbors, perceptrons. Clustering and estimation; criteria; k-means, fuzzy, hierarchical, graph-theoretic, simulated and deterministic annealing; maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods; nonparametric methods. Overview of applications. (W)

278A. Digital Image Processing
(4) Mitra, Manjunath
Prerequisite: ECE 158 or ECE 178. Lecture, 3 hours; laboratory, 3 hours.
Two-dimensional signals and systems. Two-dimensional Fourier and z-transforms. Discrete Fourier transform, two-dimensional digital filters. Image processing basics, image enhancement and restoration. Special image processing software available for laboratory experimentation. (S)

278C. Imaging Systems
(4) Lee
Prerequisites: ECE 158 and 178. Lecture, 4 hours.
Generalized holography, backward techniques, resolution limit, X-ray tomography, diffraction tomography, NMR imaging, synthetic-aperture radar, active sonar imaging, acoustic microscopy, imaging algorithms, motion estimation and tracking. (S)

279A. Computer System Performance Evaluation
(4) Moser
Prerequisites: ECE 140, 154, and Computer Science 170. Lecture, 4 hours.
Overview of the evaluation of computer system performance. Measurement, simulation and analytic techniques for performance analysis. System work load characterization. Examples of performance evaluation for system selection, tuning, and design. Evaluation of program performance. (F)

279B. Queuing Theory and Applications
(4) Moser
Prerequisite: ECE 140. Lecture, 4 hours.
Discrete- and continuous-time Markov chains, birth-death processes, birth-death queuing systems in equilibrium, Markovian queues in equilibrium, results from M/G/1, G/M/1 queues. (S)

281B. Advanced Topics in Computer Vision
(4) Manjunath
Prerequisite: ECE 181B. Lecture, 3 hours.
Same course as Computer Science 281B.
Advanced topics in computer vision: image sequence analysis, spatiotemporal filtering, camera calibration and hand-eye coordination, robot navigation, shape representation, physically-based modeling, multi-sensory fusion, biological models, expert vision systems, and other topics selected from recent research papers. (F; offered alternate years)

282. Error Correcting Codes
(4) Rose
Prerequisite: ECE 130C or 140. Lecture, 3 hours.
Principles and techniques for combating channel errors in data transmission or storage. Introduction to Galois fields. Linear block codes (particularly Hamming, BCH, Reed-Solomon). Convolution codes. Encoding and decoding algorithms (including spectral methods, maximum likelihood and Viterbi decoding.)

293. Internship in Industry
(1-6) Staff
Prerequisite: consent of department.
May be repeated to a maximum of 6 units. Variable hours.
Special projects for selected students. Offered in conjunction with engineering practice in selected industrial and research firms, under direct faculty supervision. (F,W,S,SS)

501. Techniques of Engineering Teaching
(2) Staff
Prerequisite: consent of graduate advisor.
This course is required for new teaching assistants, and may be taken only once. No unit credit allowed toward advanced degree. S/U grading only. Field, 4 hours.
An initial 1-2 day workshop on teaching techniques, followed by practical experience in teaching, videotaping, and meetings with instructional consultation staff to improve techniques. (F)

502. Teaching of Electrical and Computer Engineering
(1-4) Staff
Prerequisite: ECE 501 (may be taken concurrently).
No unit credit allowed toward advanced degree. Variable hours.
Procedures and techniques for teaching electrical engineering or computer engineering gained through actual teaching of lecture courses, leading discussion sections, and/or teaching engineering laboratories. Meetings will be held as needed to discuss problems, methods, and procedures. (F,W,S)

594AA-ZZ. Special Topics in Electrical and Computer Engineering
(1-5) Staff
Prerequisites: consent of instructor and graduate status.
May be repeated for credit if there is no duplication of course content. Seminar, 1-5 hours.
Instruction in these courses may be carried out by lecture, or by laboratory, or by a combination of these. These courses provide a study of topics of current interest in various areas of electrical and computer engineering. Special topics are coded as follows (check with department for quarters offered):
A. Circuits
B. Systems Theory
C. Communication Systems
D. Control Systems
E. Signal Processing
F. Solid State
G. Fields and Waves
H. Quantum Electronics
I. Microwave Electronics
J. Switching Theory
K. Digital Systems Design
L. Computer Architecture
M. Computer Graphics
N. Pattern Recognition
O. Microprocessors and Microprocessor-based Systems
P. Simulation
Q. Imaging Systems and Image Processing
R. General
S. Speech
T. Robot Control
U. Optoelectronics
V. Scientific Computation
W. Computer Network
X. Distributed Computation
Y. Numerical Differential Equations

595AA-ZZ. Group Studies in Electrical and Computer Engineering
(1) Staff
Prerequisite: consent of instructor.
No unit credit allowed toward degree. May be repeated for enrollment credit if there is no duplication of course content. Seminar, 1 hour.
Instruction in research group meetings carried out by lecture, by laboratory, or by a combination of the two. Courses provide a critical review of research in various areas of electrical and computer engineering. (F,W,S)

596. Directed Research
(2-12) Staff
Research, either experimental or theoretical, May be undertaken by properly qualified graduate students under the direction of a faculty member. (F,W,S,SS)

597. Individual Studies for M.S. Comprehensive Examinations and Ph.D. Examinations
(1-12) Staff
No unit credit allowed toward advanced degree. Enrollment limited to 24 units per exam.
Individual studies for M.S. comprehensive examinations and Ph.D. examinations. Maximum of 12 units per quarter. S/U grading. Instructor is normally student's major professor or chair of doctoral committee. (F,W,S,SS)

598. Master's Thesis Research and Preparation
(1-12) Staff
Prerequisite: consent of graduate advisor.
For research underlying the thesis and writing of the thesis. (F,W,S,SS)

599. Ph.D. Dissertation Research and Preparation
(1-12) Staff
Prerequisite: consent of chair of student's doctoral committee.
Research and preparation of dissertation. (F,W,S,SS)

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